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As homesystems go, this isn't too great. Oh, there's nothing really wrong with the initial planet, but it's simply okay, not special in any way. The fact that the only other planet is a gas giant does hamper the early game some, and means that this system will likely become a Tertiary system by mid-game.
Now, to explain what the fields mean. At the top left is the name of they system, and underneath that is the FISD display: Food, Industry, Science, and Dust. Do not, this isn't measured by planet but by system. Food determines how large a population you can support, as well as how fast the population grows. Industry is pretty obvious, as is science. Dust is money.
Next to that we have the Population display, which tells us the current population, how fast it's changing, if it's increasing or decreasing and how many people the system can currently support. Below that is the Approval rating. When this is high, FIS all get bonuses, and when it's low they get penalties. Grey means neither.
In the Middle are the planet displays. This shows how many people each planet can support, who much FISD they provide, as well as if they have any special anomalies, either good or bad. It also shows the Planetary Explorations, if you have any, as well as any special resources on a planet.
Below that, in the center is the build queue: it shows what the system is currently building, and what it will be building in the future. On the Right is the Hanger, which shows all ships currently docked, and the improvement section, which shows currently built system improvements. On the left, you can see which system improvements you can build, as well as the ship tab, which allows you to build new ships.
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This is the planetary view. It also shows the system queue in the middle bottom. In the upper middle, is shows the FISD that the planet provides, as well as what the current exploitation is, and what exploitation are available. Each exploitation boosts the production of a particular aspect of FISD on the planet it is built on. In addition, they give extra bonuses depending on the type of planet. For example, Arid planets proved bonus dust, so a Dust Exploitation built on an arid planet provides a total of +2 dust per population, instead of +1 per population. As you get more advanced Exploitations, the types of planets that provide bonuses increases, as does the bonuses provided. For example, using the last Dust Exploitation Tech, you gets a Base of +3 dust per pop, with an additional +3 dust if it's Arid, +2 if it's desert, and bonuses for a couple more planet types as well.
On the upper left, it would tell us the name and type of planet, but I had the mouse over the whirlpool in the uppermost left, which reveals the scores of all the players. Below that it reveals anomalies or resources if present, the local population, and the presence of a moon(this matters for certain things).
Especially in the Early game, production is more important than dust, so I'm building a production center. I'm going to need colony ships, and at the moment this is the only place they can come from.