Simple Q&A Pathfinder (By RAW) I

[Larpus]

Q67 Can you use a mutagen and a Cognatogen at the same time? And if so can you just use the opposing ones resulting in a net gain of +2 for both stats?

A67
A Cognatogen is a "mutagen-like" mixture, and follows the standard rules for Mutagen despite its different name.

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Benefit: The alchemist gains the ability to create a cognatogen, a mutagen-like mixture that heightens one mental ability score at the expense of a physical ability score. [...] All limitations of mutagens apply to cognatogens as if they were the same substance—an alchemist can only maintain one mutagen or cognatogen at a time, a cognatogen that is not in an alchemist’s possession becomes inert, drinking a cognatogen makes a non-alchemist sick, and so on. [...]

So while you can use a Cognatogen and a Mutagen at the same time, the Alchemist can only be under the effect of one Mutagen, so the second one's effects replace the initial one's.

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A non-alchemist who drinks a mutagen must make a Fortitude save (DC 10 + 1/2 the alchemist’s level + the alchemist’s Intelligence modifier) or become nauseated for 1 hour—a non-alchemist can never gain the benefit of a mutagen, but an alchemist can gain the effects of another alchemist’s mutagen if he drinks it. (Although if the other alchemist creates a different mutagen, the effects of the “stolen” mutagen immediately cease.) The effects of a mutagen do not stack. Whenever an alchemist drinks a mutagen, the effects of any previous mutagen immediately end.

Q68

What happens to the summoner's eidolon when it reaches 0 or fewer hit points? Does get disabled/starts dying as normal? Also, if the eidolon has less than half of its hp at the end of the day, wouldn't it be more efficient (if somewhat distasteful) to just kill it and it would return the next day with half its total?

A68
The rules are unclear, so it's really a DM call. However the RAI is that the Eidolon, unlike a normal summon, is only sent back upon death, so it is quite likely that Eidolons get disabled/dying as normal.

And yes, in such a situation it is mechanically better to slay the Eidolon, but doing so is most probably an evil act since it's the same as slaying your immortal dog because it'll "come back later" and is your "best friend, forever". But you can actually make a wand of Lesser Rejuvenate Eidolon as long as you actually know the spell and sits by the side of someone who has Craft Wand through the whole crafting proccess.

Q69: I've read somewhere that some people believe that an oracle in elemental form from a revelation can not cast spells.

Is there any reason that a character under effect of an elemental body spell can not cast spells? Characters under polyorph effect retain all their abilities unless they are missing required body parts. Since all elementals speak a language and make slam attacks, they have the ability to provide verbal components and hands for somatic components.

A69
Since the RAW mentions nothing of the elementals being able to make precise gestures (and by extension somatic spell components), but while the RAI seems to be that they indeed can, it also seems to hint at them not being able to do almost anything requiring finesse unless they're "generally humanoid in form" (in fact, I don't think that any of the standard elementals cast any spells, they just command elements or have SLAs).

As such, many people (DMs included) believe that a caster in elemental form is unable to cast spells with somatic components, most probably compelled to think this way as opposed to "elementals can cast" due to the usual power level of casters vs. melee, which just increases if now the caster is an elemental.