Easy answer? No. More complex answer: sort of. The amount of residue left behind by a gunshot is based on a number of factors, particularly the calibre of the weapon fired. However, gunshot residue isn't left at the crime scene per se, but rather on the hand and sleeve of the person who did the firing, or on other surfaces very near the gun when it is fired. There is, however, no way to link gunshot residue to a specific gun, and it's very difficult to use it for anything more specific than broad generalizations, such as, "This much residue had to have come from a large-caliber weapon."