I agree with a lot of your post, but I don't think Andi's insubordination is limited to a single time event of failing to call Bandana "Captain".
She's been bitching virtually non-stop, and out in the open rather than behind closed doors, ever since Bandana was put in charge. That's why I do feel that the biggest (maybe the only) failure of Bandana's leadership up until this point was not disciplining Andi publicly before this.
I understand the impulse that you have to allow time for a crew to get used to your leadership, but after a certain point you can't be everyone's best friend but rather need to make certain that everyone acknowledges your authority.