Energy doesn't just magically turn into food. The ship needs food. It's been out on deployment for longer than was anticipated, and their logistics network is too distant/stressed to supply it. They can't just redirect their powercore into the dirt to make harvestable crops pop up.
The difference between the power output of a WWII carrier and a spaceship is irrelevant here. Neither one is capable of producing food, regardless of how much more powerful it is than the primitive farming community nearby.